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Sentencing

Tenth Circuit Rejects Sentencing Bump for Off-Duty Officer

This Tenth Circuit case is interesting for two reasons. One, it accepts the government's concession that it's plain error to sentence an assault defendant more harshly simply because he was an off-duty police officer. Sentence vacated. Two, it's kind of the 1997 Julia Roberts movie My Best Friend's Wedding (but an R-Rated version where Rupert Everett almost gets shot).

Sixth Circuit Shrugs, Upholds Illegal 17+ Year Sentence Based on Mistaken ACCA Plea

Most criminal defendants try to avoid being sentenced under the Armed Career Criminal Act, which sets a 15-year mandatory minimum for certain defendants if they have three previous convictions for certain qualifying offenses. Defendant: In the district court, I pleaded guilty and accidentally agreed that I had three qualifying offenses. But in reality, I had only two! So my 212-month sentence is a mistake. Sixth Circuit: Shrugs. You and your lawyer should've been more careful.

SCOTUS Holds Ex Post Facto Clause Applies to Restitution Under the MVRA

Today, a unanimous Supreme Court held that restitution under the Mandatory Victims Restitution Act of 1996 (MVRA) is plainly criminal punishment for purposes of the Ex Post Facto Clause. Ellinger v. United States, No. 24-482 (Jan. 20, 2026).

Justice Kavanaugh delivered the unanimous opinion of the court.  Justice Thomas filed a concurring opinion, joined by Justice Gorsuch. The Court’s opening paragraphs summarize the relevant facts and holding:

Fourth Circuit Finds Brady Violation, Grants Habeas

You know when there’s a chart in the procedural history section of a habeas case that you're going to need to buckle up. And so it is in the Fourth Circuit this week, where a Baltimore drug deal was broken up by cops and the purported seller threw a bag on the ground and made a run for it. The bag contained 10 grams of cocaine, and prosecutors rely on two chain-of-custody reports. But the reports have discrepancies, and one wasn't handed over until the second day of trial.

Boston Death Penalty Dropped for Matthew Farwell

Federal prosecutors will not seek the death penalty for Matthew Farwell, accused of killing 23-year-old Sandra Birchmore while she was pregnant. See Boston.com news article.

Prosecutors allege Farwell killed Birchmore after she revealed that he was the father of her child and then staged the scene to make it look like she had died by suicide.

Farwell has pleaded not guilty.