Is a South Carolina law that prohibits conducting oneself "in a disorderly or boisterous manner" unconstitutionally vague as applied to school children? Given that the state refers hundreds of them for prosecution each year, it sure seems to matter.
Florida man: requiring registration and reporting after completing my sentence of probation on a charge of lewd or lascivious conduct constitutes illegal custody. Files habeas. To seek a writ of habeas corpus, one must be "in custody," and that doesn't necessarily mean "physical custody" (per SCOTUS in 1963). Eleventh Circuit: Nevertheless, individuals subject to Florida's lifetime registration and reporting requirements for sex offenders are not in custody.
Seventeen-and-a-half-year-old girl, a member of the Choctaw nation, allegedly plans the murder of her abusive and neglectful parents by two underage friends. The government charges her with two counts of first-degree murder, crimes for which the mandated punishments—death or life without parole—are unconstitutional as applied to minors. Girl: the transfer of her case from juvenile court is unconstitutional. Tenth Circuit: Maybe.
Alleged gang member is convicted of witness retaliation and sentenced to three years in prison after attacking a former member of his gang on the street in the Bronx. At trial, man asks court to explore potential gang bias during jury selection. Trial court: no, it would be “improper,” and will only ask general questions, never mentioning gangs. Second Circuit: no. New trial. The defense was not allowed to sufficiently screen for anti-gang bias among the jurors. "[D]istrict judges are afforded broad discretion in conducting voir dire.
One of the macabre facet of Eighth Amendment death penalty litigation is that a person on death row challenging their method of execution must propose an alternative.
Federal law bars individuals from possessing guns if they are “subject to a court order that restrains [them] from harassing, stalking, or threatening an intimate partner.” Fifth Circuit: This violates the Second Amendment as there is no deeply rooted tradition of disarming individuals under a restraining order for domestic abuse. “Through that lens, we conclude that (the law’s) ban on possession of firearms is an ‘outlier’ that our ancestors would never have accepted.”
Today, the en banc Eleventh Circuit issued an opinion that will give some drug defendant’s a big help at sentencing. See United States v. Dupree, No. 9-13776 (11th Cir. Jan.18, 2023)(en banc). In Dupree, the Eleventh held that the definition of “controlled substance offense” in USSG § 4B1.2(b) does not include inchoate offenses, such as conspiracy and attempt. This is another victory for the defense in using the sea change in administrative deference recognized by the Supreme Court in Kisor v.
Former presidential advisor Steve Bannon refused to comply with a subpoena from the January 6 House select committee, for which he was convicted of contempt of Congress. Bannon: Ah, but the statute requires "willful" disobedience. I may have disobeyed intentionally, but not willfully because my attorney told me not to comply. D.C.
The bipartisan United States Sentencing Commission voted unanimously today to prohibit conduct for which a person was acquitted in federal court from being used in calculating a sentence range under the federal guidelines (USSC press release available here).
“Not guilty means not guilty,” said Commission Chair Judge Carlton W. Reeves.
In the consolidated cases Brown v. United States, No. 22-6389 (May 23, 2024), and Jackson v. United States, No. 22-6640 (May 23, 2024), opinion here, the Supreme Court held that a state drug conviction counts as an ACCA predicate if it involved a drug on the federal schedules at the time of the state conviction. The 6 to 3 opinion, written by Justice Alito, joined by the Chief Justice Roberts and Justices Thomas, Sotomayor, Kavanaugh, and Barrett, begins like this: